The most common term for “star” in Biblical Hebrew is (pronounced kochav). This noun appears frequently throughout the Hebrew Bible, describing celestial bodies, both individually and collectively. For example, it is used in the creation narrative (Genesis 1:16) and to describe the “star of Bethlehem” in the New Testament’s Gospel of Matthew. Related terms include (mazzalot), often translated as “constellations,” and (tzeva hashamayim), meaning “host of heaven,” which can refer to stars or angels.
Understanding the Hebrew terminology for celestial phenomena provides valuable insight into the cosmological perspectives of ancient Israelite culture. The appearance of stars held significant religious and symbolic meaning, often associated with divine power, destiny, and guidance. Astronomical observations played a role in timekeeping, agriculture, and navigation, highlighting the practical importance of these celestial bodies. Studying these terms helps illuminate biblical passages, revealing deeper layers of meaning within their historical and cultural context.